You cannot claim spouses as dependents, whether he or she maintains residency with you or not. A married person cannot be declared as a dependent on any tax return. He'll file a joint statement. The fact that only one of you worked doesn't matter.
Even so, it files a joint return for the greatest tax benefit. Before, although he could not claim his wife as a dependent, before the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act came into effect, he could include his spouse as a personal exemption in some circumstances.
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